The J-2 Rocket engine was developed by Rocketdyne, which at the time was a division of North American Aviation (NAA). Five J-2 engines were used on the Saturn V's
S-II second stage, and one J-2 was used on the
S-IVB upper stage used on both the Saturn IB and Saturn V. The J-2 burned
cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH2) and
liquid oxygen (LOX) propellants, with each engine producing 1,033.1 kN (232,250 lbf) of
thrust in vacuum. The engine was unique for its time as it had a restart capability. After the single engine on the
S-IVB upper stage had placed itself, and the still attached Apollo spacecraft into an earth parking orbit, it shut down whilst the crew and ground support staff checked out the systems of the spacecraft. When all was given a bill of health it was restarted and the resultant burn propelled itself and attached cargo out of orbit and onwards towards the moon.